Análisis de trayectoria de las creencias patriarcales y sexistas, actitudes favorables a la violencia y violencia en el noviazgo / [Trajectory analysis of patriarchal and sexist beliefs, attitudes favorable to violence and dating violence]

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las relaciones entre las creencias patriarcales y sexistas, las actitudes favorables a la violencia física, psicológica y sexual hacia las mujeres y hacia los hombres, y la presencia de la violencia en el noviazgo. Participaron 774 universitarios mexicanos (52,33% mujeres). Los resultados mostraron que los hombres han desarrollado más actitudes favoreciendo el uso de la violencia física, psicológica y sexual en contra de las mujeres a partir de la influencia de las creencias patriarcales y sexistas. Las mujeres con mayor adhesión a las creencias patriarcales y sexistas presentaron más actitudes favorables a la violencia física, psicológica y sexual hacia ellas mismas. Las mujeres que tuvieron puntuaciones más altas en las actitudes que favorecen la violencia hacia ellas tuvieron un mayor nivel de victimización. En conclusión, los cuatro modelos de análisis de trayectorias revelaron el impacto que tienen las creencias patriarcales y sexistas en la violencia en el noviazgo por medio de las actitudes que favorecen la violencia hacia las mujeres y hacia los hombres.

Dating violence research needs to examine the perspective and experience that women and men have of this type of violence and the cognitive factors associated with it. In order to fill this gap, the objective of this research was to analyze the relations between patriarchal and sexist beliefs, attitudes favorable to physical, psychological, and sexual violence towards women and men, and the prevalence of dating violence. A total of 774 Mexican university students (52.33% women and 47.67% men) participated answering five instruments. In order to examine the data obtained, four path analysis models were created. The results showed that men have developed more attitudes supporting the use of physical, psychological, and sexual violence against women from the influence of patriarchal and sexist beliefs. Likewise, women who reported greater adherence to patriarchal and sexist beliefs presented more favorable attitudes towards physical, psychological, and sexual violence towards themselves. In turn, it was found that female participants who reported higher scores in the attitudes supporting sexual, psychological, and sexual violence towards themselves had a higher level of victimization. In conclusion, the four models revealed the impact that patriarchal and sexist beliefs have on dating violence through attitudes supporting violence towards women and men.

Personalidad dependiente y creencias irracionales en mujeres indígenas / Dependent personality and irrational beliefs in indigenous women

La personalidad dependiente corresponde a un conjunto de características guiadas por comportamientos de sumisión, de extrema tolerancia y sobrevaloración a las parejas. Se visualiza por medio de las creencias irracionales que expresan necesidades, deseos, sentimientos, temores e ideas, las mismas que en conjunto forman la personalidad y que requieren el estudio de sus características para proponer soluciones. Por lo que, se realizó una investigación descriptiva correlacional, con el objetivo de analizar el tipo de personalidad de mujeres indígenas y las creencias irracionales de la Comunidad de Nizag del cantón Alausí, durante el periodo junio-noviembre del 2016. La población estuvo conformada por 104 mujeres indígenas de la cual se seleccionó a 42 mujeres, por medio de muestreo intencional en base a criterios de inclusión. Los resultados se obtuvieron por la aplicación de dos baterías psicométricas, se pudo observar que el 40% de la población de estudio presenta personalidad dependiente y en iguales proporciones con un 35,7% creencia irracional N°8 "Se necesita contar con algo más grande y más fuerte que uno mismo y Para un adulto es absolutamente necesario tener el cariño y N°1: la aprobación de sus semejantes, familia y amigos, mediante análisis estadístico se demostró la no existencia de correlación entre las dos variables.

Dependent personality is a set of characteristics guided by behaviors of submission, extreme tolerance and overvaluation to couples. Irrational beliefs express needs, desires, feelings, fears and ideas, which together form the personality and require the study of their characteristics to propose solutions. Therefore, a correlational descriptive research was carried out in order to analyze the personality type of indigenous women and the irrational beliefs of Nizag Community of Alausí town, during the period June-November 2016. The population consisted of 104 indigenous women, but 42 ones were selected by means of intentional sampling based on inclusion criteria. The results were obtained by the application of two psychometric questionnaires. It was observed that 40% of the study population showed a dependent personality and in equal proportions with a 35.7% irrational belief No. 8 "You need to have something bigger and stronger than oneself and it is absolutely necessary to have affection and No. 1 for an adult: the approval of their peers, family and friends". It was demonstrated the non-existence of correlation between the two variables through statistical analysis.

Guerrear, casar, pacificar, curar: o universo da "tradição" e a experiência com o hiv/aids no distrito de homoíne, sul de moçambique / War, marry, pacify, heal: the universe of "tradition" and the experience with HIV AIDS in the district of homoine, south of Mozambique

Esta tese é resultado de pesquisas etnográficas realizadas no distrito de Homoíne, Província de Inhambane, no Sul de Moçambique. Visando compreender como se dá a experiência da população local com o HIV/Aids num contexto rural, a partir de suas concepções "tradicionais" sobre as doenças e curas, o trabalho investiga os elementos que constituem o campo reconhecido emicamente como "tradição" e suas consequências pragmáticas no trato com a epidemia. Analisando o parentesco, as relações de gênero, a feitiçaria e a medicina tradicional, procura-se demonstrar como as concepções de doenças tradicionais estão associadas a um contexto de predação que tem suas raízes nas guerras que construíram as formas de socialidade na região Sul de Moçambique. Nesse contexto de conflitos que atravessam a história desde o período pré-colonial, as doenças tendem a ser experimentadas pelo viés persistente dessas concepções tradicionais, que associam as enfermidades a formas de predação fundadas no estatuto de alteridade dos agentes sociais que as produzem ou como rupturas de ordens internas ao campo social. A experiência com o HIV/Aids se dá dentro desse cenário, o que interfere nas formas de concepção local da doença e afeta as formas de controle da epidemia.

This thesis is the result of ethnographic researches conducted in the district of Homoíne, Inhambane Province, southern Mozambique. In order to comprehend the local experience with HIV / AIDS in a rural context through the "traditional" concepts about diseases and healing, the paper investigates the elements that constitute the emic field known as "tradition" and their pragmatic consequences in dealing with the epidemic. Analyzing kinship, gender relations, witchcraft and traditional healing, it seeks to demonstrate how traditional conceptions of disease are associated with a context of predation that has its roots in the wars that built the forms of sociality in the southern Mozambique. In this context of conflicts that pervade the story since the pre-colonial period, diseases tend to be experienced by the persistent bias of these traditional views, that the diseases associated with forms of predation based on the status of alterity of the social agents that produce them or as internal breaks the social order. The experience with HIV / AIDS takes place within that scenario, which interferes with the local ways to conceive the disease and affects the ways to control the epidemic

Plantas medicinais: seu uso tradicional em moçambique / Medicinal plants their traditional use in Mozambique

A publicação do tomo 3 de ´´planta medicinais ­ seu uso tradicional em Moçambique´´ responde ao propósito de prosseguir a obra com prioridade regula. De um modo geral, seguiu-se na exposição, descrição e ordenação, a metodologia dos trabalhos anteriores…

Plantas medicinais seu uso tradicional em moçambique / Medicinal plants for use in Mozambique

A publicação do tomo 3 de ´´planta medicinais ­ seu uso tradicional em Moçambique´´ responde ao propósito de prosseguir a obra com prioridade regula. De um modo geral, seguiu-se na exposição, descrição e ordenação, a metodologia dos trabalhos anteriores…